With the development of modern science and technology, agricultural technology is also constantly innovating. Substrate cultivation, as an environmentally friendly and efficient planting method, is gradually entering the public eye. It can not only increase crop yields, but also reduce the impact on the environment. Definition of substrate cultivation Substrate cultivation is a soilless cultivation technology that uses organic or inorganic materials as a medium for plant growth instead of traditional soil. This cultivation method can better control the water, nutrients and air required for plant growth, thereby improving the growth efficiency and quality of crops.